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1st June In History

BY CATEGORY

History does not interest many because many are of the opinion that they are filled with incessant events. The dates of the occurrence of these events, their chronology and the labyrinth of interlinks related to these events makes History too complicated a subject for a few. However, there are millions to whom history is too intriguing to be ignored. It is that story of our past which has been told and retold ‘n’ number of times and yet hasn’t lost its charm. True! If we stop considering history as just a subject, which we need to study to get good grades, there can be nothing as fascinating as this. We have all grown up listening to bedtime stories and these say how much we love stories. Therefore, these stories of our past too are meant to absorb us and the fact that these are true, makes it all the more engrossing. If we start with a random date like 1st June, we will find how various occurrences on this particular day, has made this an important one. Gradually, when we look up the events, we find the answers to several questioned which have often piqued our minds. Sometimes, as the happenings unfold, we also come across information which we never knew existed. Ergo, why not explore 1st June and feed our inquisitiveness.

HISTORICAL EVENTS ON 1st June

193 Politics

Didius Julianus Was Sentenced To Death

In 193, known as the ‘Year of Five Emperors’, Didius Julianus was the second Roman emperor who earned the throne from the Praetorian Guards, a Roman military troop. However, his rule was short-lived as he ruled for only nine weeks, because on 1st June, 193, monarch Septimius Severus sentenced him to death.

1215

Politics

Genghis Khan Captured Zhongdu

One of the greatest conquerors that the world has ever known, Genghis Khan, set foot in the city of Zhongdu (now Beijing) to conquer it. Surprisingly, the emperor Golden Khan made him offerings which he could not deny, and thus, Khan did not invade the city. However, when Golden Khan did not keep up his word, Genghis went on to capture the city in 1215.

1252

Politics

Alfonso X Becomes King Of Castile And León

Alfonso, one of the longest ruling Roman emperors, was the son of Ferdinand III, the king of Castile and Beatrice. Alfonso was known as the ‘learned’ and the ‘wise’ as he was regarded a scholar. In 1252, he was crowned the King of Castile and León, but his lavish lifestyle cost him a lot, indebting him to a great extent.

1533

Politics

Anne Boleyn Becomes The Queen

Catherine of Aragon, who was the first wife of Henry VIII was removed from her esteemed designation of queen and in 1533, Anne Boleyn succeeded her. Boleyn had a say in all the political affairs, but their marriage was nullified by Pope Clement.

1660

Politics

Mary Dyer Was Executed For Disobeying Law

The Massachusetts Bay Colony barred members of the Quakers society from entering their premises. However, a lady named Mary Dyer did not abide by this law and as a result, she was hanged in 1660.

1670

Politics

The Secret Treaty Of Dover Is Signed

The Secret Treaty of Dover was signed by the monarchs Louis XIV of France and Charles II of Great Britain on this day in 1970. According to this agreement, France would provide support to England in becoming a part of the Roman Catholic Church and in return England will help France in its conquest.

1779

Politics

The Court-Martial Of Benedict Arnold

During the American Revolutionary War, Benedict Arnold was a general in the Continental Army, but he had to face court martial on charges of misfeasance. Arnold was taken to task for his wrongdoings on this day, way back in 1779.

1855

Politics

Nicaragua Conquered

William Walker, an American mercenary, wanted to establish colonies in Latin America, intended to be under his sole control. In order to achieve this, he conquered many regions and in 1855, he took control of Nicaragua.

1868

Politics

Treaty Of Bosque Redondo Signed

The event, known as the ‘Long Walk of the Novajo’, forced the residents of Novajo to leave Arizona and move to New Mexico. This caused immense suffering to the people and to put an end to their agony, on 1st June, 1868, the Treaty of Bosque Redondo was signed between the leaders of Novajo and the U.S government. This treaty allowed the Novajo residents to return to their homeland, Arizona.

1913

Politics

The Signing Of Greek-Serbian Treaty Of Alliance

In Thessaloniki on 1st June, 1913, the Greek-Serbian Treaty of Alliance was signed between the two nations to share the wealth amassed during the First Balkan War. However, this share was found to be unjust by Bulgaria and thus, the Second Balkan War broke out.

1929

Politics

Communism Supporters Of Latin America Gather For The First Time

Representatives from countries such as Brazil, Cuba, Bolivia, Argentina, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela gathered at Buenos Aires on 1st June, 1929 for an important political event. This meeting came to be known as the first conference of the communists.

1946

Politics

Execution Of Ion Antonescu

Ion Antonescu was a Romanian politician who rose to power during World War II and exercised dictatorial. However, after the war was over, he was tried for his crimes and in 1946, Antonescu was sentenced to death.

1962

Politics

The Execution Of Adolf Eichmann

Adolf Eichmann was a lieutenant colonel in the Nazi army and one of the several masterminds behind the horrific holocaust. Several years after the world war ended, he was arrested in Argentina and tried by the authorities of Israel. In 1962, Eichmann was hanged to death on the basis of several crimes committed against the people belonging to the Jewish community.

1963

Politics

The Origin Of Madaraka Day

Before gaining complete independence from the United Kingdom, on 1st June, 1963, Kenya received freedom of handling its internal affairs. Hence, the Madaraka Day is observed every year on this date to celebrate the privilege of self-rule.

1990

Politics

No More Chemical Weapons

Former United States President George H. W. Bush and Soviet Union President Mikhail Gorbachev signed a treaty in 1990, according to which they agreed to put an end to the production of chemical weapons. This was one of the most famous agreements of recent times.

1298

Wars

The Battle Of Turaida

In this battle, the people of Riga joined hands with the inhabitants of Grand Duchy to fight against the Livonian Order and defeated them. The people of Riga were led by Vytenis, the Grand Duke of Lithuania in this historic battle, which was fought in 1298. The banks of the river Gauja was the place where all the bloodshed took place.

1535

Wars

Conquest Of Tunis

Tunis was under the control of the Ottoman Empire, but in 1533, Charles .V. Habsburg’s troops attacked the Ottomans, along with an allied force and finally defeated them.

1648

Wars

The Battle Of Maidstone

The Battle of Maidstone was fought during the Second English Civil War on 1st June, 1648. In this battle, the Roundheads emerged victorious against the Cavaliers.

1649

Wars

The Sumuroy Revolt Begins

The aboriginal people of Spain disliked the idea of a colonial rule and were constantly against the government. There were many revolts against the colonial rule and one of them was the Sumuroy Revolt, which started in Palapag, on 1st June, 1649. This historic battle was headed by the rebellious Filipino leader Agustin Sumuroy.

1679

Wars

Battle Of Drumclog

The Battle of Drumclog was fought between the Covenanters group and the troops led by John Graham of Claverhouse. The Covenanters emerged victorious at the end of this bloody war. This battle took place at Drumclog, South Lanarkshire, in 1679 and several soldiers belonging to both the troops had lost their lives during the conflict.

1794

Wars

The Glorious First Of June

The British and French naval forces combat each other for the first time on 1st of June, 1794. Thus, this battle came to be known as the Glorious First of June, for obvious reasons.

1812

Wars

The Foundation For A Bloody War

The War of 1812, a conflict between Great Britain and the United States of America commenced on 1st June, 1812. This was the day when the US congress received the order to wage a war against the U.K, by the then American President, James Madison.

1813

Wars

The First Order Of James Lawrence

During the War of 1812, the American frigate ‘USS Chesapeake’ commanded by naval officer James Lawrence locked horns with the Royal Navy frigate ‘HMS Shannon’, led by Philip Broke. This was the day when Lawrence uttered his first order, ‘Don’t give up the ship!’

1861

Wars

Battle Of Fairfax Court House

The Battle of Fairfax Court House, fought on 1st June, 1861, was one of the major land conflicts between the Union and the Confederates. This was the battle in which casualties belonging to the Confederates were reported for the first time.

1862

Wars

The Battle Of Seven Pines Ends

The Battle of Seven Pines was one of the many incidents of war between the Union and Confederate forces and it took place in 1862. However, there was no definite outcome of the battles, since both the troops had an equally significant share of triumphs and losses.

1879

Wars

Napoléon Eugène Killed

The Anglo-Zulu War was a conflict between the Zulu empire and the British forces. The last descendant of the famous French monarch Louis Napoleon Bonaparte was killed on this day in 1879.

1941

Wars

Crete Surrenders To Germany

In the Battle of Crete during World War II, the German troops attacked the Greek island of Crete. In this battle, Greeks, British, New Zealanders and Australians joined hands to revolt against the Germans. However, after 12 days of fierce struggle, Crete surrendered to Germany on this day in 1941.

1921

Disasters & Natural Calamities

Massacre At Tulsa

The first day of June, 1921, witnessed one of the worst days in the history of Tulsa, a city in Oklahoma. The Greenwood District in Tulsa was one of the most flourishing black dominated regions in the US and this growth sparked racial violence. In 1921, many whites attacked this region, killing many people of African-American descent and causing heavy destruction.

1943

Disasters & Natural Calamities

‘BOAC’ Flight 777 Attacked

A passenger aircraft belonging to ‘British Overseas Airways Corporation’ Flight 777, was heading towards White Church, Bristol from Lisbon, with 17 people on board, on 1st June, 1943. While travelling across the Bay of Biscay, it was attacked by a Junkers Ju 88 aircraft, resulting in the death of all the people in in including renowned actor Leslie Howard.

1965

Disasters & Natural Calamities

Explosion In Japan Kills Hundreds

Owing to carelessness in the operations at the Yamano coal mine, located near Fukuaka, Japan, more than 200 workers lost their lives. This horrifying accident was the result of not adhering to the basic safety measures.

1974

Disasters & Natural Calamities

The Flixborough Disaster

In 1974, at the Nypro chemical plant, located in Flixborough, U.K, one of the most devastating explosions occurred. There were 72 people on the plant at that time and out of those, 28 lost their lives in the blast.

1999

Disasters & Natural Calamities

American Airlines Flight 1420 Crashes

On 1st June, 1999, the American Airlines Flight 1420 took off from the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Texas and headed For Little Rock, Arkansas. After landing at its destination, the flight lost control while moving on the runway and as a result it crashed. The incident claimed the lives of 105 passengers as well as the Captain Richard Buschmann.

2009

Disasters & Natural Calamities

Air France Flight 447

An Air France Flight 447 was headed to Paris from Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, met with an ill fate in 2009. During the journey, several technical difficulties caused the aircraft to crash into the Atlantic Ocean. This horrific incident killed all the passengers onboard.

2011

Disasters & Natural Calamities

Tornado Hits New England

A tornado hit Massachusetts, destroying Connecticut River Valley as well as the Springfield regions, in 2011. Along with this there were 7 other tornadoes which caused damage to many parts of New England and the death toll was said to be four.

1857

Literature & Entertainment

‘Les Fleurs Du Mal’ Published

One of the most famous works of the eminent French poet Charles Baudelaire, titled ‘Les Fleurs du mal’ (The Flowers of Evil) was released on this day in 1857. Eroticism and decadence were the themes that inspired this path-breaking work of literature.

1960

Literature & Entertainment

First Television Broadcast In New Zealand

Prime Minister Walter Nash had declared that only selected content would be shown to the residents of New Zealand through television. In 1960, the first television broadcast happened and made headlines world over. It was June 1st and the commencement time was 7.30 pm, when Auckland witnessed the first ever television broadcast.

1967

Literature & Entertainment

The Beatles Release Their Eighth Album

The Iconic English rock band, ‘The Beatles’, who ruled the music industry in the 1960s came up with their eighth studio album ‘Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band’ during the same decade. This album hit the music stores on 1st June, 1967, and won the Grammy for the ‘Album Of The Year’.

1980

Literature & Entertainment

‘CNN’ Comes Into Existence

Ted Turner, an American business magnate, was the man behind the launch of one of the world’s most famous news channels, ‘CNN’ (Cable News Network). This channel was launched in June 1980, and at that time this was the only news channel to operate round the clock.

1792

Trivia

Kentucky Becomes A US State

On 1st June, 1792, Kentucky was included in the Union Clause of the United States Constitution, making it the 15th state of the US. The state is quite famous for its abundance in ‘Bluegrass’.

1796

Trivia

Tennessee, A New US State

After Kentucky was declared a state, Tennessee too attained the same status four years later. Thus, the United States was formed on June 1st, 1796.

1831

Trivia

James Clark Ross’ Journey To The Arctic

James Clark Ross was an explorer who went on several voyages along with his uncle Sir Jack Ross. He was a part of the journey which they embarked on to find the Northwest Passage and was accompanied by renowned explorer William Edward Parry. On 1st June, 1831, he discovered the magnetic north pole, becoming the first European to reach there.

1890

Trivia

New Phase In US Census

Starting on this day in 1890, the United States Census Bureau began brought in a change in the population counting system. They started using the calculating machine invented by the eminent scientist Herman Hollerith which was designed to process data collected during census.

1910

Trivia

The Terra Nova Expedition Left Cardiff

Robert Falcon Scott was a member of the Royal navy, who also led two expeditions to Antarctica. The second voyage to the South Pole began in 1910, and on this day, the team departed from the city of Cardiff. However, this expedition was never completed as all the members of the crew died during their return journey.

1916

Trivia

A Jew Appointed To The US Supreme Court

Louis Brandeis, born to immigrants of Jewish faith, grew up to become a lawyer. In 1916, he was appointed as the associate justice, becoming the first Jew to hold office in the Supreme Court.

1922

Trivia

Establishment Of Royal Ulster Constabulary

In 1922, Constabulary Act passed by the Parliament of Northern Ireland paved the way for the establishment of the Royal Ulster Constabulary force. On 1st June, 1922, this troop came into existence, thus, becoming the police force in Northern Ireland. However, it was paramilitary by nature, unlike most police forces elsewhere.

1939

Trivia

Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Was Flown For The First Time

The German fighter aircraft Focke-Wulf Fw 190 was constructed in the 1930s by Kurt Tank. On 1st June, 1939, the plane took off for the first time and it was also used during World War II.

1974

Trivia

Heimlich Maneuver Procedure Published

The process of ‘Heimlich Maneuver’ or Abdominal thrust was named after Dr. Henry Heimlich, who for the first time proposed a simple solution to eradicate an important medical problem. This is a method of helping a person who is choked with food or any other object. The mention of abdominal thrust was first made in the medical journal ‘Emergency Medicine’, in 1974.

2001

Trivia

Suicide Bomber Attacks Israel

A crowded night club named ‘Dolphinarium’ in the Israeli city of Tel Aviv became the spot of mass destruction after a suicide bomber attacked the place. The bomber had explosives attached to his body along with many metallic objects to intensify the effect of the blast. This occurred in 2001, killing around 17 people and injuring hundreds, becoming one of the worst terrorist attacks in Israel till date.

2009

Trivia

‘General Motors’ Goes Bankrupt

This was one of the biggest events of bankruptcy in the history of the United States of America. On this day in 2009, the multi-national automobile giant ‘General Motors’ filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11, Title 11 of the United States Code.

2014

Trivia

Bomb Blast In Nigeria

On 1st June, 2014, the football fans in Mubi, Adamawa were subjected to a massive bombing which claimed 14 lives while unofficial reports say that it is more. The state of Adamawa in Nigeria has been under emergency owing to threats from the terrorist group Islamist Boko Haram, but no report which holds them responsible for the attack.